Friday, September 30, 2016

Most Cited Article : “Nanostructured Zinc Oxide for Water Treatment”

Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia

Author(s): Sunandan Baruah, Samir K. Pal and Joydeep Dutta
nanoscience and nanotechnology2Abstract: Environmental pollution and industrialization on a global scale have drawn attention to the vital need for developing new hygienically friendly purification technologies. Existing wastewater treatment technologies demand high capital investment and operation & maintenance cost, and large area. Cost-effective treatment of pollutants requires the transformation of hazardous substances into benign forms and the subsequent development of effective risk management strategies from harmful effects of pollutants that are highly toxic, persistent, and difficult to treat. Application of nanotechnology that results in improved water treatment options might include removal of the finest contaminants from water (< 300 nm) and “smart materials” or “reactive surface coatings” with engineered specificity to a certain pollutant that destroy, transform or immobilize toxic compounds.
courtesy by : Bentham Insight

Thursday, September 1, 2016

Magnetic Fe3O4 Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Application in Water Treatment

Author(s):

Xue-Mei Li, Gaojie Xu, Yue Liu and Tao HePages 14-24 (11)

Abstract:


Magnetic separation is based on the exertion of a magnetic field to selectively collect the magnetic responsive materials. With the development of nanotechnology, magnetic separations based on nanomaterials have found various applications largely benefited from the size effect and synthetic advancement in their preparation. In this review the synthetic methods for the preparation of magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles including co-precipitation, hydrothermal and solvothermal synthesis, microemulsion, and sonochemical hydrolysis are discussed. Problems related to the nanoparticle preparation such as broad size distribution, easy aggregation and difficulties in surface functionalization are summarized and directions for improvement are pointed out. Furthermore, a summary on the application of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in water treatment is given including heavy metal ions removal, residue pesticide determination and removal, absorption of toxic water soluble molecules, and oily water treatment, and their new application potential is addressed specifically as a novel draw agent for forward osmosis. Finally, the perspectives and problems related to the application of iron oxide nanoparticles in water treatment are given. This review is of interest to both nanomaterial research scientists and water treatment engineers

Keywords:

Magnetic nanoparticle, Fe3O4, synthesis, application, water treatment, forward osmosis, nanotechnology, bioanalysis, nanoparticles, maghemite (Fe2O3), Fe-Cu solid solution, Micro-emulsion, cyclohexane, sonicating duration, silanization

Affiliation:

Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203; NanjingUniversity of Technology, Nanjing, 21009, China.


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Fabrication and Applications of Tailored Carbon Capsules

Author(s):

Joonwon BaePages 66-79 (14)

Abstract:


Recently, diverse carbon materials with elegant structures such as fullerene, nanotube, and graphene have been realized and thus tailoring those elaborate structures has become a challenging research task. In addition, various emerging carbon materials have been demonstrated such as capsules, tubes, and vesicles. Among these candidates, carbon capsules are particularly interesting owing to their interesting characteristics such as relatively high surface area, structural stability, chemical inertness, mechanical durability, and potential applications. They can be incorporated to the energy storage/conversion, electronic and magnetic devices, biocompatible components, nanocomposite, and environment friendly systems. In addition, they have acted as reaction media and sacrificial scaffolds to generate intriguing micro and nanostructures. Therefore, herein, it is worthwhile to summarize the previous research works on fabrication and applications of carbon capsules (micro and nano). It is expected that this article can provide essential information for future research activities.

Keywords:

Carbon, carbon nanostructure, capsule, energy storage/conversion, nanocarbon.

Affiliation:

Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea 136-714.

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    Multicompartmental Micro/Nanofibers Toward Fiber Based Energy Devices

    Author(s):

    Jaemin Lee and Kyung J. LeePages 49-65 (17)

    Abstract:


    Multicompartmental micro/nanofibers have been attained growing interest in the recent years because of their potential applications for fiber-based energy applications such as solar cell, piezo-electric materials, lithium ion battery, and supercapacitor. Herein, we summarized preparation pathway for multicompartmental micro/nanofibers and fiber based energy applications which will play an important role in development of wearable electronics in near future.

    Keywords:

    Dip coating, EHD co-jetting, electrodeposition, electropolymerization, electrospinning, Energy conversion, energy storage, fiber-based electronics, lithium ion battery (LIB), modified melt extrusion, multicompartmental fibers, piezo-electric, solar power, supercapacitor.

    Affiliation:

    Department of Fine Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University (CNU), Daejeon, Republic of Korea 305-764.

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    A Mini Review: Nanostructured Silicon-based Materials for Lithium Ion Battery

    Author(s):

    Jiantao Wang, Juanyu Yang and Shigang LuPages 3-27 (25)

    Abstract:


    It is necessary to develop high-energy-density and long cycle lithium (Li)-ion batteries so as to meet the requirements for electric vehicles. As one of anode materials, silicon (Si) has attracted most attention since it not only has 10 times higher specific capacity than traditional commercial carbon anodes, but also is cheap, abundant and environmentally benign. However, the poor cycling stability and low efficiency of Si anode due to the large volume change during the insertion and extraction of Li ion, has greatly limited its application. This review outlines the challenges of Si anode, and then provides series solutions to overcome these problems successfully. We hope that this review could extend to the building for the potential new Si-based anode materials.

    Keywords:

    Binders, composite, lithium-ion battery, nanostructure, silicon anode, solid electrolyte interphase.

    Affiliation:

    R&D Center for Vehicle Battery and Energy Storage, General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing, 100088, China., R&D Center for Vehicle Battery and Energy Storage, General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing, 100088, China.

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    Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: Overview and Advances

    Author(s):

    Maria G. Buonomenna and Joonwon BaePages 28-48 (21)

    Abstract:


    In recent years lithium-sulfur batteries have received increasing attention from various research groups owing to their high theoretical specific energy density. The high energy storage required by extended range electric vehicles justifies the research effort that is still necessary to overcome the existing significant obstacles to realize in practice the theoretical high energy density. In this review, after a brief overview of the current context and scientific/technical challenges for the development of lithium-sulfur batteries, some advances in the knowledge of electrochemical mechanism occurring in lithium-sulfur batteries, in exploring cathodes, separators, electrolytes have been reported. Particular emphasis has been devoted to major developments of novel lithium-sulfur battery configurations by research groups active in the field for decades, proposed in the logic of system materials engineering.

    Keywords:

    Lithium-sulfur batteries, lithium-free anodes, nanostructured cathodes, polysulfide shuttling, system materials engineering.

    Affiliation:

    Ordine dei Chimici della Campania-Consiglio Nazionale dei Chimici, via A. Tari 22 80138 Napoli, Italy.

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